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Palaeoecology and forager subsistence strategies during the Pleistocene - Holocene transition: a reinvestigation of the zooarchaeological assemblage from Spirit Cave, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand

机译：更新世-全新世过渡期间的古生态和觅食者生存策略：对泰国湄宏顺府精神洞的动物考古组合的重新调查

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摘要

This reanalysis uses the zooarchaeological assemblage recovered from Spirit Cave to understand hunter-gatherer use and occupation at the site during the Pleistocene - Holocene transition. We analyze bone fragmentation, sample size, and relative abundance to establish the preservation and overall composition of the remaining fauna. Identification of several new taxa, including roundleaf bats (Hipposideros larvatus and bicolor), elongated tortoise (Indotestudo elongata), black marsh turtle (Siebenrockiella crassicollis), Burmese hare (Lepus cf. peguensis) and a potential red junglefowl (Phasianidae - ?Gallus gallus) provide insights into hunter-gatherer occupation, palaeoecology, and subsistence strategies between 12,000 and 7000 years b.p. Our results indicate that Spirit Cave was occupied more sporadically than originally suggested; additionally, we identify new evidence for landscape disturbance during the early Holocene. Although this Spirit Cave zooarchaeological assemblage is incomplete, it remains an important component of Southeast Asian prehistory, providing evidence for human adaptations during a period of climatic change and instability. Keywords: Spirit Cave, zooarchaeology, NISP, MNI, Thailand, Pleistocene - Holocene transition, Hipposideros larvatus, Lepus peguensis, Siebenrockiella crassicollis.

机译：该重新分析使用从Spirit Cave回收的动物考古组合来了解在更新世-全新世过渡期间该地点的猎人-采集者的使用和职业。我们分析骨骼碎片，样本大小和相对丰度，以建立其余动物区系的保存和整体组成。鉴定了几种新的类群，包括圆叶蝙蝠（Hipposideros幼虫和双色蝙蝠），拉长的乌龟（Indotestudo elongata），黑沼泽龟（Siebenrockiella crassicollis），缅甸野兔（Lepus cf. peguensis）和潜在的红色丛林鸟（Phasianidae-Gallus））洞悉12,000至7000年基点之间的猎人-采集者的职业，古生态学和生存策略我们的结果表明，精神洞穴比最初建议的要少得多。此外，我们发现了全新世早期景观扰动的新证据。尽管这种精神洞穴动物考古学组合不完整，但它仍然是东南亚史前时期的重要组成部分，为人类在气候变化和不稳定时期的适应提供了证据。关键字：灵洞，动物考古学，NISP，MNI，泰国，更新世-全新世过渡，幼体沙棘，天竺鼠，Siebenrockiella crassicollis。

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Conrad, Cyler; Higham, Charles; Eda, Masaki; Marwick, Ben;
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1. Late Pleistocene Caprinae assemblages of Tham Lod Rockshelter (Mae Hong Son Province, Northwest Thailand) [J] . Wattanapituksakul Athiwat, Filoux Arnaud, Amphansri Anusorn, Quaternary International . 2018,第NOVa10期

机译：Tham Lod Rockshelter（泰国西北湄宏顺府）的晚更新世Caprinae组合
2. Cyrtodactylus erythrops (Squamata: Gekkonidae), a new cave-dwelling gecko from Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand [J] . AARON M. BAUER, KIRATI KUNYA, MONTRI SUMONTHA, Zootaxa . 2009,第2124期

机译：Cyrtodactylus erythrops（鳞茎：Gekkonidae），一种来自泰国湄宏顺府的新型洞穴壁虎。
3. Late Pleistocene monsoon variability in northwest Thailand: An oxygen isotope sequence from the bivalve Margaritanopsis laosensis excavated in Mae Hong Son province [J] . Marwick B., Gagan M.K. Quaternary Science Reviews: The International Multidisciplinary Review Journal . 2011,第21a22期

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机译：Muang Rae地热系统：钻井和钻孔地球物理学，1000米核心孔进入花岗岩岩石，Amphoe Pai，Mae Hong Son Province，泰国北部
5. Determining the applicability of the Uniformitarianist and Catastrophist paradigms to the late Pleistocene mammalian assemblage at the Sheriden Cave (33 Wy 252) archaeological site, Van Lue, Ohio and the implications of findings on human subsistence strategies. [D] . Grove, Thomas Edwin. 2002

机译：确定Uniformitarianist和Catastrophist范式在俄亥俄州Van Van Lue的Sheriden Cave（33 Wy 252）考古现场的晚更新世哺乳动物组合中的适用性，以及调查结果对人类生存策略的影响。
6. Relationships between Meteorological Parameters and Particulate Matter in Mae Hong Son Province Thailand [O] . Wissanupong Kliengchuay, Aronrag Cooper Meeyai, Suwalee Worakhunpiset, 2018

机译：泰国湄宏顺府气象参数与颗粒物之间的关系
7. Preparing upland fields for burning and feeding spirits of fields: Roll 553: Lua and Karen clearing firebreaks south east of Ban Pa Pae village before fields are burned; cut and dried upland fields before burning; preparing seeds to be planted in the upland fields; cotton flowers; old women feeding ancestor spirits asking help with field burning; villagers looking at National Geographic; preparing to feed spirits. Roll 554: Burning upland fields; preparing to feed the spirits at the upland field. Roll 555: Feeding spirits at upland field; Lua portraits; feeding spirits at P. Kunstadter's upland field. Roll 556: Feeding spirits at P. Kunstadter's upland field, man conducts the offering, another prepares the pig and chickens. Scans of slides taken by Peter Kunstadter near the ethnic Lua community of Ban Pa Pae, Changwat Mae Hong Son, Thailand in March 1967. Slide rolls 553, 554, 555, 556 (marked as rolls 53-56 on slides). [O] . 1967

机译：准备高地田野以燃烧和饲养田野气息：553卷：Lua和Karen在田野被烧毁之前清理Ban Pa Pae村庄东南部的防火带；燃烧前切开并干燥旱地；准备在陆地上种植的种子；棉花花；喂养祖先精神的老妇人寻求田野焚烧的帮助；看着《国家地理》的村民；准备养活精神。 554章：燃烧高地准备在陆地上喂烈酒。 555卷：在陆地上喂烈酒；卢阿肖像；在P. Kunstadter的高地上喂食烈酒。 556卷：在P. Kunstadter的高地上喂烈酒，人来做祭，另一个来做猪和鸡。 1967年3月，泰国Kunwat湄宏顺市Ban Pa Pae卢阿社区附近的Peter Kunstadter拍摄的幻灯片扫描。幻灯片553、554、555、556（在幻灯片上标记为53-56）。

Palaeoecology and forager subsistence strategies during the Pleistocene - Holocene transition: a reinvestigation of the zooarchaeological assemblage from Spirit Cave, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand

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